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Interior

Drywall Installation & Repair

Drywall (gypsum board) is the default interior wall surface in American homes: fast to hang, easy to finish, and fire-resistant. Quality drywall installation comes down to the right board for the room, tight hanging with few butt joints, and the finish level you choose. This guide covers board types, sheet math, finish levels, typical costs and code notes.

Worker in gloves scoring a sheet of drywall on a work surface
Installed cost
$1.60–$3.75 per sq ft (Level 4)
Median (Q1 2026)
$2.41 per sq ft
Common sheets
4×8, 4×10, 4×12 ft
NYC
Plastering listed as no-permit work

Drywall types

  • Regular board (½ in) for most walls.
  • Moisture-resistant board for bathrooms and other damp areas (not a substitute for shower waterproofing).
  • Type X fire-rated board (often ⅝ in) where code requires fire-resistance — for example between an attached garage and living space, or in rated assemblies.
  • Mold-resistant, sound-damping and lightweight boards for specific needs.

Sheet sizes and how many you need

A 4×8 sheet covers 32 sq ft, 4×10 covers 40 and 4×12 covers 48. Longer sheets mean fewer joints to tape but need more people to hang and may not fit up narrow stairs. Add 10–15% for waste. Our drywall calculator handles walls, ceilings and openings.

Drywall installation finish levels 0–5

Level What it includes Typical use
0–1 No finishing, or tape only Attics, above ceilings, temporary work
2 Tape plus one coat Garages, under tile
3 Two coats Heavy texture
4 Three coats, sanded Most painted walls with flat or eggshell paint
5 Level 4 plus a skim coat Glossy paint, strong side lighting

Repairs

Nail pops, cracks at joints and small holes are routine repairs. Larger holes need a patch backed by blocking or a California patch. Water-damaged board that is soft or stained should be cut out after fixing the leak and confirming the cavity is dry.

Fire-rated drywall installation and code notes

Where a fire-resistance rating is required, the entire assembly — studs, board type and thickness, fasteners, joint treatment — must match a tested design. In multifamily buildings, including NYC apartment buildings, rated walls and ceilings are governed by the building code; do not substitute materials without your design professional's approval.

Drywall Installation & Repair costs in 2026

Per square foot of board installed; labor is the majority of the cost.

ItemTypical range
Installed, Level 4 finish$1.60–$3.75 per sq ft; median $2.41 (Q1 2026)
National average (May 2026)$2.26–$2.69 per sq ft

Typical national ranges. New York City and other high-cost metros often run above them — get several written bids for your project.

Calculators for this project

New York rules and permits

NYC. DOB lists plastering among work that does not require a permit, but the contractor must hold a DCWP Home Improvement Contractor license for residential work, and fire-rated assemblies in multifamily buildings must follow the NYC Building Code. If drywall work is part of a larger alteration with layout changes, permits apply to the overall job.

Frequently asked questions

How much does drywall installation cost?

Drywall typically runs $1.60–$3.75 per sq ft installed for a Level 4 finish, with a Q1 2026 median of $2.41; other estimates report $2.26–$2.69 in May 2026. Try the drywall cost calculator.

How many sheets of drywall do I need for a 12×12 room?

About 17 sheets of 4×8 including the ceiling and 10% waste.

Should I use ½ in or ⅝ in drywall?

½ in is standard on walls; ⅝ in is common on ceilings and required in many fire-rated assemblies.

Can I hang drywall myself?

Hanging is achievable for many DIYers; finishing to a smooth Level 4 takes practice. Many homeowners hang and hire a finisher.

Estimate before you call a contractor

Run the numbers with our free calculators so you can compare bids with confidence.